Support of design engineers, evaluation of structural failure
GL aids to develop safe and reliable mechanical components or technical systems and provides pipeline design verifications.
Strength & Vibration of Pipeline and Pressure Vessel Applications (Onshore & Offshore Pipelines)
To ensure a safety, reliable and environmentally sound transportation of hazardous materials by pipeline it is essential to analyze the pipeline design. GL acts as a third party for design verification. In order to be independent, most of the analyses are performed using in-house software. During pipeline life time GL performs flaw assessments, integrity management and evaluation of changed operating.
GL offers wall thickness determination (especially for deep water conditions), on-bottom stability, free span analyses (static, VIV, fatigue), upheaval / lateral buckling, riser analyses (static, fatigue), crossing analyses, impact and laying analyses (normal, dynamic, A&R, Tie-in, lifting), flaw assessment (ASME B31G, Kastner, BS 7910 etc. including crack growth analyses) as well as risk analyses for offshore & onshore pipelines (using GALIOM). Benefit from an assessment of safety and reliability of pipelines, e.g. in sour service and deep water and a verification of design parmeters. Ensure the safety and reliability of your assets.
Strength and vibration analysis for machinery, equipment and components
GL Engineering Services helps clients to develop a safe and reliable mechanical component or technical system. The main service areas are concerned with the ship, offshore and industrial market. The principal assessment includes strength and vibration analyses for machinery, equipment and components. GL offers:
- Propulsion Shaft Alignment
A shaft and main engine alignment calculation considers hull flexibility and hull deflection influences. Suitable stern tube aft bush alignment is determined by numerical analysis of the oil film hydrodynamics for low and high rpm conditions. Main engine alignment is optimised by variation of presag, vertical offset and inclination. The intermediate bearings are arranged in such a way that a suitable shaft bending line is obtained for all loading and operating conditions. The jack-up forces are determined for the alignment check in afloat condition and the corresponding gap & sag values of dry dock condition are computed.
- Residual lifetime of machinery components
In addition to the well-known high-cycle fatigue, low-cycle fatigue failure (caused by a low number of repeated working cycles) is sometimes critical, especially for components with high loads during start-up and shutdown operations or some necessary interruption of ordinary use.
- Damage Analysis (including also Fracture Mechanics) concerning mechanical engineering components
Different damage scenarios are investigated. FE analyses are used for the stress state calculation considering: large deformations, non-linear material laws, secondary stresses (e.g. weld area), etc. The assessment of the FE-results can be done by classical fatigue analysis, multi-axial fatigue analysis, strain based fatigue analysis, flaw assessment, crack / crack growth analyses.
- Mechanical Strength concerning mechanical engineering components
This service involves determining the reason(s) for the structural failure of machinery - extreme loads, temperature or fatigue. Proposals for design improvements are put forwarded and the benefits of improvements outlined. The interaction between different machinery components and the elastic behaviour of the surrounding ship structure are also determined.
- Machinery Vibration Analysis (GenSets, Foundation, Mounting,...)
This service enables the reasons for unacceptable vibration behaviour of machinery and equipment to be determined. Proposals are developed for design improvement and the benefits of possible improvements outlined. The interaction between a machinery component and resilient mounting and/or the elastic behaviour of the surrounding ship structure is also determined.
- Fatigue analysis of mechanical engineering components
Based on cyclic loads fatigue damage may occur, especially in welds. This service includes the assessment of the mechanical engineering components under time varying loads. Typical methods, such as rainflow counting are used for the estimation of the load spectrum. The damage ratio according to GL Rule, FKM, Eurocode, IIW, etc are determined and assessed.
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